Binocular Cue

The Binocular cue is the human ability to gauge depth by using both eyes and retinal disparity. A great real world example of this would be pilots and there ability to gauge distance while flying even though they have no depth cues(objects).


http://o.quizlet.com/i/FIimXKB5Je230lGr-TrIqw.jpg

Figure-Ground

The Figure-Ground perspective plays a huge role in painting and graphic design. It is our ability to sort between an object and the background, the ability to tell what is the main item, and what is the background. It's why the Monalisa is scene before the bridge in the background.

Proximity

The Proximity perspective is the reason that when things are bunched together, we see them as a group, as to seeing them as singular figures, and why we dont see things that have more space between them as groups.
It is why when you walk down the hall way, and you see people in the groups, that you see the collective mass before you see the individual people in that group.

Similarity

Ghestalts Similarity perspective says that things that are similar are more related than things that are dissimilar, this is why a team is more likely to be associated as a team, when they are wearing the same jersey.

Continuity

Gestalts Continuity perspective states that things on a curve or a strait line are more likely to be scene as a group than things that are not. This is why we see an  X as two lines intersecting, instead of two V Connecting at the base.

Closure

Gestalt's Closure perspective states that when looking at a complex arrangement, we will see a single recognizable pattern.
Like when reading a paper by someone with bad handwriting, you are able to understand it because the shape looks recognizable as the shape of the letter.
This box, below, is seen as a complete square, even though it's just four unconnected lines

http://www.vanseodesign.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/gestalt-closure.png

Shape Constancy

Shape constancy is perceiving an object as having the same shape regardless of its orientation ot angle. An example of this would be when your laptop is partially closed the top looks like a trapeziod, but our mind knows it is a rectangle.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfVOrJqZXET4V2VkbORjgD3Llqq7pldAddNAQS_fPKQUc2yWWqBrXfYqsInOdiQ3kEj8aXg8AifAAXTYP2B2KEOknMLKLqcOl-EGdPUxUszciKjQMG-RqNR82idvBf8HEJ0VrE1tzNByk/s1600/20131106_183055.jpg

Brightness Constancy

Brightness constancy is when we perceive an object as having a constant lightness even when its illumination varies. It depends on the amount of light and object reflects on its surroundings. An example of this is when two objects that are in your house look different colors because of the lighting even though they are the same.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/St%C3%BChle_Froschperspektive.jpg

Size Constancy

Size constancy is the tendency to perceive an object as being the same size regardless of whether it is close or far away. An example of this would be when you hold something in front of a building and it appears bigger or the same size but your brains knows it is not.
http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/tezzstock/tezzstock0804/tezzstock080400015/2951098-female-hand-holding-house-keys-in-front-of-building.jpg

Motion Perception

Motion perception is perceiving motion and normally the brain computes motion on the assumption that shrinking objects are retreating and enlarging objects are approaching. Also larger objects appear to be moving slower than smaller objects. An example of this would be a car appearing to become larger as it is approaching.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKjujP0F9sU&noredirect=1

Monocular Cue- Relative Clarity

Relative clarity is a monocular cue. It is when we perceive hazy objects as farther away than clear objects because of light passing through. An example of this would be when you look through a fence and the fence is clear the buildings behind it look hazy and farther away.
http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2261/2199963241_e995a689c6_o.jpg

Monocular Cue-Relative Size

Relative size is a monocular cue. It is when we assume that an object is larger when it is closer to us and smaller when it is farther away. An example of this would be when we see the moon closer to the horizon it looks lager than when it is high in the sky.

http://en.es-static.us/upl/2006/09/waxing_gibbous_body.jpg
http://worldwest.media.clients.ellingtoncms.com/img/photos/2012/09/25/092512_Westlake_t640.jpg?a6ea3ebd4438a44b86d2e9c39ecf7613005fe067